2.9 Animal studies All experimental procedures were approved by the organization responsible for animal welfare and by the Ethics Committee of the University of Messina (protocol no
Early studies discovered a reduced incretin effect in individuals with type 2 diabetes following oral glucose intake 16,17,18
BPC-157 Body Protection Compound-157 is a peptide that naturally occurs in human gastric juice
For instance, administration must occur in a fasted state (at least 2-3 hours post-meal) because elevated insulin and blood glucose can significantly blunt the pituitarys response to secretagogues
Unlike other hormetic stressors, such as radiation or chemical exposure, which may carry inherent risks and require careful management, dietary hormesis involves the consumption of natural foods rich in bioactive compounds, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains 2,3,4
Currently, nearly 100 million people globally are affected by DR, and as the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, this number is expected to grow, posing a significant burden on public health (82)